Mediastinum is bounded by sternum, vertebra, 1st rib, and diaphragm externally .and
by pleural cavity internally and Includes important structures such as great vessels ,
nerves, thymus and litany lymph nodes primary and metastatic cancers, cysts and
inflammatory lesions can develop in this region, and the tumor developing In the
mediastinum has a tendency to develop in a specific area of mediastinum depending on
the histologic type. Therefore the developing site of tumor and the clinical findings are
verb important in diagnosing the tumor of the mediastinum.
We studied not only the characteristics of mediastinal tumor and tumorlike conditions
but the histologic classification and frequency of mass to a specific area and then
observed if there is any information that could help in diagnosis of the lesion of the
mediastinum.
Results obtained were as follows
1) Of the 95 cases of mediastinal lesion which excludes inflammatory process, there
wert 70 cases (73.591) of primary tumors, 13 cases (13.1 So) of metastatic tumors and
12 cases (12.6%) of tumor-like conditions.
2) Of the 70 case of primary tumor, 54 cases (76.8%) were benign, 13 Cases (205)
were malignant and 3 cases were unclassified or unidentified tumor with the overall 3.8:
1 prevalence rate of benign tumor compared to malignancy.
3) Histologic classification of the 70 Gases of primary tumor showed 27 cases (28.4%)
of germ cell tumor, 22 cases (23.295) of neurogenic tumor, 7 cases (7.4%) of thymoma,
6 cases (6.3%) of lymphoma and 5 cases (5.395) of soft tissue tumors with the highest
frequency of germ Gell tumor. Germ Gell tumor and neurogenic tumor exceeded to 5095
of total primary mediastinal tumor.
4) Male to female prevalence rate showed that benigh tumor had a high freauency in
female with the the ratio of I : 1.4. But malignant tumor showed much higher frequency
in male with the ratio of 4.2.:1.
5) Anterior mediastinum had germ Gell tumor, thymoma and lymphoma in order of
frequency. Metastatic tumor was the most common in superior mediastinum. Superior
mediastinum had germ cell tumor and neurogenic tumor with about the equal number,
and soft tissue tumor was also do∼eloped. Middle mediastinal tumor was less common
in number compared to other portions of mediastinum but the majority of tumors
developed war developmental trysts and metastatic tumors. And the majority of
neurogenic tumors occured at the posterior mediastinum.
6) Mass sized 5-10 ㎝ in diameter were about 55.7% of all tumor, 2.5-5 ㎝ and 10-15
㎝ were 20% respectively. But the mass sired smaller than 2.5 ㎝ and larger than 15 ㎝
were about 5% respectively. And the malignant tumors haute more larger size than
benign tumors.
7) Patient with benigh tumor had no symptoms at all or some complaints of chest
tightness, dyspnea, chest pain, shoulder pale and dysphagia. In addition to above
symptoms , patient with mailgnant tumor Complained of systemic symptoms such As
weight loss and fever.
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